Reversing gearing comprising pressure fluid operated control coupling



A. DRIG Julie 6, 1939.

REVERSING GEARING COMFRISING PRESSURE FLUID OPERATED CONTROL COUPLINGFiled May 2. 1958 foi?L IIL Patented June 6, 1939 UNITED STATES' Ialtavoz lmtvlmslrurV Gamme c'oMPnrsmG rans- SUBE FLUID PERATED COUPLINGCONTROL v-Ali'red Diirig, Winterthun Switzerland, assignor toSchweizerische Lokomotivund Maschinenf fabrik, Winterthur, SwitzerlandAppucaunn' May z, 193e, serial Nn. 205,550 rn Germany May s, 1937Claims.

2 This invention relates to fluid pressure 'operated coupling devicesfor reversing gearings. The invention is particularly concerned withcoupling d evices for gearings of this kind which 5 are especiallysuited for ships drives' and in which the driving shaft is coaxial withthe driven shaft. Hitherto, the changing over of the direction ofrotation was effected in the gearing by means of three intermeshingbevel gears, tv'o of which, that may be termed longitudinal bevel gears,

being rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the reversing gearing,whereas the third gear, which may be termed transverse bevel geai.isrotatable as an intermediary bevel gear about a stai5 tionary transverseaxis of the casing of the reversing gearing. These known vgearings areordinarily of very great dimensions, particularly as regards the lengththereof, especially if driving efforts of, for example, 200 H. P. ormore are to be transmitted by the gearing. L

AAccording to this invention provision is made V thev intermediary bevelgears being mounted on a cross carrier which is secured to thestationary casing o f the gearing and extends through the sametransversely thereof.

'I'he feature last referred to provides for 'pre-1 venting thelongitudinal bevel gears from bear- .ing against their bearing surfacesowing to'the fact that the presures set up between the gear teeth of,for. example, two opposing intermediary 40 gears and those of thelongitudinal bevel gears compensate each other'in regard to the respecvebearing surfaces of thelatter gears.

In the accompanying drawing four embodiments of the invention areillustrated by way of example only, in which Fig. 1 shows a longitudinalsection of a revers'- ing gearing representing a'rst embodiment of theinvention;

Fig.2 isacrosssection of Fig. lon the line II-III in Fig. 1; v

Fig. 3 is a view of a modified detail of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of a second embodiment of theinvention,

Figs is a longitudinal section of a third em-V bodiment of theinvention, and

(Cl. 'I4-379) Fig. 6 is a sectional elevational view of a fourth'`embodiment of the invention.

Referring to the rst embodiment of the invention, the shaft I of thereversing gearing'is driven by a motor disposed on the left in this 5figure (not shown). The shaft I, which is hollow,

is firmly connected to a bevel gear 2 which is' rotatable about thelongitudinal axis of the reversing gearing. This shaft is mounted on theone hand in the stationary casing 5 of the gear-` l0 ing, at 3, and onthe other hand on a hub portion l of a cross carrier G-Which Vextendsthrough 'the casing 5 transversely thereof andis xed thereto by means ofseatings 6c and a cross cleat 6d. The drivenv shaft 1 is rigid with apower delivery l5 head 8v having a terminal connecting flange.

Aformed' in the cross carrier 6.

T he driven shaft 1 carries the inner coupling disks I3, Il for forwardsand rearwards driving respectivelyjby means of grooved portions I2, soas to be displaceable longitudinally of this shaft. 25 The pair of disksI3 are housed within a casing 2a rigidwith the shaft I and the bevelgear 2, whereas the pair of disks Il are housed within a casing I5arigid with a bevel gear bodyl. The casing I 5a is mounted on the onehand on the 30 cross carrier, at I6, andon the other `hand in thestationary casing '5, at I1. 'I'he bevel gears 2, I5 mesh withsmaller'intermediary bevel gears I8 which are mounted on bearing pins6a, 6b of the cross carrier 6: i

Y 'Ihe inner pairsof coupling disks I3, Il can be forced apart byintroducing pressure oil into spaces |3a, Ila between the respectivepairs, in order to produce frictional engagement between these disks andmating interior grooves in the 4u casings 2a and I5 a respectively whichprovide the outer coupling portions of the respective clutches. Theoperating pressure oil is supplied to the spaces I 3a, Ha respectivelythrough passages Isa, I9b`and annular grooves 20a, 20h in the 45stationary cross carrier 6, Ga, and passages 1a, Ib in .the shaft 1. Thecock for selectively sup'- plying pressure oil to the passagesVIQa andlab and allows at the same time to interrupt the supply of oil to bothof these passages -(running 50 at no load) is not shown in the drawingsas a' matter known perse. 'Ihe same applies for the pressure oil pumpwhich is preferably driven from the motor referred to.

'I'he operationpf the reversing gearing accord 5s ing to the inventionis very simple. For driving forwards pressure oil issupplied to passageI9a in which way shaft I is directly coupled to shaft 1, so that thebevel gears 2, I6 and I5 rotate idly. For driving rearwards pressure oilis supplied to passage |911, in which way, shaft 1 is coupled to\ bevelgear I5, vwhereas clutch I9 housed-in bevel gear 2 is disconnected, dueto space Ila being no longer supplied with4 pressure oil. During drivingrearwardly thetorque is transmitted to the bevel gear I5 and thus to theshaft 1, via the intermediary bevel' gears I8.while the direction ofrotation is reversed. The operation of disconnecting the clutches can beaccelerated by means of f inl'the portions most Patent 1,472,930. 1

pressure oil with the aid of any suitable expedients, such as disclosed,for example, in the U.`S. A.

The reversing gearing according to the invention' results in thefollowing essential advantages: Short overall length,.minimum spacerequire- A ment, absence of unbalanced pressures on the gear teeth ofthe gears 2 and I5 and bearing pressures on'the bearing surfaces 3, l,I-B and I1 in consequence of such pressures on these gear teeth, duetothe presence ,of more than one intermediarybevel gear. The twoclutches for driving forwards and rearwards'are of equal size, in con-.'trast to the known-reversing vgearings in which for(I drivingrearwards a movable part of the gearing is coupled to the stationarycasing thereof. The oilpassages for the supply of operating oil can bearranged in the middle portion of the shaft 1, where this shaft isstrongest, owing to the possibility of supplying the oil froml themiddle of the shaft, so that the arrangement yof oil passages ined ofthe shafts I and A 1 can'be' dlspelsed'wl l un the hollow shaft 1,.

. for example, at the bea ng I, and Y head l, atthebearlng 9).

ofthe rst shaft I, the second shaft- 1 may be coupled with vthe shaft ofthe motor 26 in the delivery (Fig. 6), so that the shaft I functions asthe power delivery shaft. Also in such 'an arrangement the driving shaft1 can be coupled to the driven shaft I directly. In driving rearwardsthe bevel gears function to transmit power in the same way as if thedriveis derived from the shaft I.

vDuring runningat ino load the advantage ensues from this arrangementthat none ofthe gears is rotated, so that the frlctional losses accruingfrom running at v no load are reduced, as against an arrangement inwhich the shaft I functions as the driving shaft-and all the bevel4gears are rotated, so that frictional'resistance is set up in theirbearins..

f 'I'hebevel gears! and limaybemounted on the shaft 1 directly insteadof on the cross carrier l, at I and I6 respectively. It is, however, afact that in mounting the gears in the mannerlastmentioned the work o ffriction is increased while drlvinglrearwa'rds, due to the shafts I and1 rotating in opposite directions. y

In the second 'embodiment of the invention 'shown in mg. 4, the bevelgear- 2 lsnot formed -On a partrigid with the shaft l, but is mountedonan extended hubfportion 4 of the cross carrier Y and adaptedto becoupled tofdieliyn shaft l through the intermediary of an additionalclutch 2|. In this arrangement, the shaft I carries, in

the same manner as shown in Fig. 1, thejcasing 2a for the ofgcouplingdisk I3 that placeable relstiveto the shait 1, the shai'ti mounted Yonthe, one hand, at 3, `and en -"thai other, for example 'on the hub ofthe bevel gear 2 'orattlesideofthebevelgear2ontheextended hub portion Iof the cross carrier. 6. This arrangement has the advantage 'that thedegree of eillciency of the gearing'is increased while driv- 'l ingforwards, due to the fact that the bevel gears are then no longerrotating, so thatl no friction is set up in the bearings. In drivingrearwards,

clutch 2I is connected in addition to clutch I4,

the oil supply passages leading to the former clutch not being shown. l

In the modified arrangement shown in Fig. 3, the'shaft1 has no bearingin the shaft I which is solid instead of hollow\as.described inconnection with Figs. 1 and I2, the shaft 1' thus being mounted only inthe cross carrier 6 and the bearing 9. Due to the absence of bearing I0,the advantage is obtained that less friction' is set up while drivingrearwards or at no load, and since lthe shaft 'I' is no long'er hollowthe-diameter of the lbearing 3 can be accordingly reduced. In the thirdembodiment of the invention` shown in Fig. 5, the reversing gearing isprovided `With a speed reduction gear 22, 23, which is in- .tercalatedbetween an unsupporting 'portion of the driven shaft "1 extending beyondthe bearing I1 and a stub shaft .24. The outer end ofthis extensin ofthe shaft 1 is mounted in .a bearing `9 supported by an outer end wallof the casing 5, the delivery head 8 being also mounted in this endWall, whereas the stub shaft 2Q o'ne end of which is received in thedelivery head is mounted at its other end in a bearing Y supported by alowerJ extension of the inner end Y wall of the casing 5.

With. this arrangement, in which the shaft 1 is the driven shaft (asshown in Fig. l), the speed reduction gear is wholly encased.Alternatively, the mounting arrangement 4for the wheels of this gear maybe somodified that the gear ais situated on the outside of the casing 5.Y

- A fourth` embodiment of the invention, as shown in Fig. 6, in .whichthe motor is coupled to the shaft 1, as previously referred to,comprises a speed reduction gear 26, 21 intercalated between the shaft Iand a jack shaft 28 which is f mounted in bearings provided in lowermounting arms of the casing 5. -The end f the shaft 29 -remote'- fromthe wheel 21 'carries apower de- Moreover, the-cross carrier 6 maystraddle the` shaft 1 in stirrup fashion andthe oil supply may be ledvthrough an annulus loosely mounted o the middle portion of the .shaft 1.

. Various changes 'andmodcations -may .be made in the practice of myinvention without departing from the principle or spiritthereof, by

.livery head 29 having a terminal connecting l adding customary practiceand' established. knowledge of the art to the present disclosure and thescope of the appended claims is not to be regarded as limitedexceptassp'ecified therein: A

1. A fluid operated coupling apparatus. for' control of direct drive andreversing apparatus for sectional shafts having a pair of mainlongitudi--nal bevel gears surrounding the axis 'of the shaft -andltransverseintermediary'bevel gears 'engaging 55 6 which with said longitudinalgears and uniformly distributed around the peripheries of saidlongitudinal gears, comprising two fluid-pressure operated frictionclutches arranged immediately on the outer ends of said longitudinalgears in coaxial Arelation therewith, a continuous cross carrier looselyaccommodating said transverse bevel gears and having passages formedtherein leading to said shaft, and means for selectively vconductingsaid iiuid to said clutches for driving one section of said shaft ineither direction relative to the other.

2. A iiuid operated coupling apparatuafor control of direct drive andreversing apparatus for sectional shafts having a pair of mainlongitudinal bevel gears surrounding the axis of the shaft andtransverse intermediary bevel gears engaging with said longitudinalgears and uniformly distributed around the peripheries of saidlongitudinal gears, comprising two :duid-pressure operated frictionclutches arranged immediately on the outer ends of said main gears incoaxial relation therewith, a continuous cross carrier looselyaccommodating said intermediate bevel gears and having passages formedtherein leading to said shaft, pressure fluid passages arranged withinsaid cross carrier for selectively conducting said uid to said clutchesfor driving one section vof said shaft in either direction relative tothe other, and one of said shaft sections having fluid passages arrangedonly within the middle portion thereof for communication with saidpressure fluid passages of the cross carrier and with said comprisingtwo fluid-pressure operated friction clutches arranged immediately onthe outer ends of said main gears in coaxial relation therewith, acontinuous cross carrier loosely accommodating said intermediate bevelgears and giving passage to said shaft, bearing means provided on eachside of said cro/ss carrier coaxially with said shaft for cooperationwith complementary bearing means on the inner ends of said main bevelgears, and means for selectively conducting said fluid to said clutchesfor driving one section of said shaft in either direction relative tothe other.

4. A fluid operated coupling apparatus, for control of direct drive andreversing apparatus for sectional shafts having a pair of mainlongitudinal. bevel gears surrounding the axis of the shaft andtransverse intermediary bevel gears engaging with said longitudinalgears and uniformly distributed around the peripheries of saidlongitudinal gears, comprising two fluid-pressure operated frictionclutches arranged immediately on theouter ends of said main gears incoaxial relation therewith, a continuous cross carrier looselyaccommodating said intermediate bevel gears, a central shaft bearingprovided in said cross carrier, a casing accommodating said bevel gearsystem and said friction clutches, and having a terminal bearingproviding together with said central shaft bearing the sole bearingmeans for one section of said shaft, and means for selectivelyconducting said iiuid to said clutches for driving one section of saidshaft in either'direction relative to the other.

5. In an arrangement of fluid clutch devices, 'a

rectangular bevel gearing comprising at least two intermediary bevelgears cooperating with a pair of main bevel gears coaxially surroundinga sectional shaft, a driving motor coupled to the section of said shaftnormally providing the driven t shaft, two pressure fiuidoperatedfriction clutches arranged immediately on the outer ends of said maingears in coaxial relation therewith, a. con-` tinuous cross carrierloosely accommodating said intermediary bevel gears uniformlydistributed over the circumference of said main bevel gears and havingpassages formed therein for supplying fluid to said shaft, and means forselectively conducting said fluid to said clutches for driving by meansof said motor the shaft section normally providing the driving shaft ineither direction relative to said shaft section normally providing saiddriven shaft. l ALFRED DRIG.

